Sequencing and Changeover Optimization.

Sequence-dependent setup time, changeover cost, and changeover-induced scrap and energy all enter the optimization as first-class variables. The scheduler explores feasible sequences against the dollarized objective, not against a throughput proxy. Sequence stability — how similar this cycle's sequence is to the last — is itself a measured cost the policy can weigh.

Effective throughput rises because the system stops spending capacity on avoidable changeovers. Changeover scrap and energy costs fall. Sequence stability improves because the planner governs the policy, not the schedule.